The village of Fedoskino, one of the centers of modern Russian lacquerwork, is located in picturesque surroundings of Moscow, on a bank of the Ucha. Fedoskino is a very old village - about two hundred years renowned for its miniature paintings on lacquered papier-mache boxes.
A characteristic feature of Fedoskino miniature painting has always been a combination of direct painting with glazes superimposed over a goldleaf, mother-of-pearl plaque or over a ground powdered with metal dust.
A technique of pure glazing is also used: glaze, a transparent layer of paint, is applied all over another color or ground, so that light passed through it is reflected back by the under-surface and modified by the glaze. This layering brings out a radiant quality in the drawings and the colors seem to emanate from within. Coats of varnish are applied to every layer of paint. Sometimes, an underlay of gold leaf or mother of pearl enhances this radiance and adds a lovely iridescence of its own
Artists from Fedoskino use a more realistic style of painting than the other villages. The most popular themes of Fedoskino lacquered miniatures include the scenes and sketches of peasant life, i.e. folk round dances, traditional tea-parties and Russian "troikas" (three horses harnessed abreast). The school of painters from Fedoskino is distinguished from other schools by the lack of graphic and flat manner of painting. They also use oil paints for their drawings instead of the egg-based temperas. Three to four layers of the oil paints, along with seven coats of lacquer, are applied to each box before it is completed.
This art has been known in Russia since the late eighteenth century.
The folk artists - painters from Fedoskino, are truly considered the founders of the Russian lacquerwork. In 1795 Peter Korobov, a rich merchant, opened one of the first workshops in Fedoskino. Lacquered boxes with painted miniatures became the first products of that workshop.
Soon the Fedoskino painted boxes became popular and famous in Russia and in Europe. Later painters from Palekh, Mstera, Kholui, started to use the technology of lacquered miniature, creating their own peculiar traditions of miniature painting.
Practically, the production of lacquered papier-mache articles with painted decoration has not changed significantly since the mid-nineteenth century.
Today the articles are painted with a great variety of subjects on genre, literary, song, fairy-tale, historical and contemporary life themes. But even a short acquaintance with them helps one to go deep into their art, which is an art unique, with strong national roots and the traditional decorative quality, which gives it its originality.
At present, there are three hundred painters working in Fedoskino (totally, there are 2,500 villagers). Many of them belong to the families, whose members have been painting miniatures for over 10 generations. Yuri Gusev, a prominent painter, who invented the logo for the products currently made in Fedoskino, is the head of the painters community in the village.
The prices for the lacquered miniatures from Fedoskino are set depending on the depicted story, materials in use and the skills of painters. However, many counterfeits are sold in Izmailovo art market in Moscow and even in some specialized shops. The real boxes from Fedoskino are light-weighted, the paintings are fine and sophisticated. The interior should possess the logo of Fedoskino covered with several layers of varnish. Each box shoud have a signature of painter.
The boxes made in Fedoskino by special order were offered as traditional gifts to the heads of states, who visited the former Soviet Union. Some masterpieces of lacquered miniature were sold for nearly 100,000 US dollars at the international fairs.
Those, who managed to get a real box from Fedoskino, may truly consider themselves the owners of very expensive pieces of art and, what is more, sophisticated connoisseurs of traditional Russian culture.